견적문의

WASHINGTON--( / )--The International Tax and Investment Center (ITIC) released new research on illicit alcohol revealing that high tax rates on alcoholic beverages can divert consumers to the illicit alcohol market, which poses a major threat to public health and finances. Experts examined illicit alcohol in Colombia, the Dominican Republic, Malaysia, South Africa, and the United Kingdom to uncover the largest drivers of these illicit markets, which are bad for consumers, communities, and businesses due to their negative social and economic impacts.

In alignment with the OECD’s Illicit Trade in High-Risk Sectors report, the research showed that a significant price difference between the licit and illicit alcoholic beverages is one of the biggest drivers; if consumers struggle to afford legal alcoholic beverages, they will turn to cheaper, illicit ones that can be very dangerous and potentially lethal. Some of the severe consequences of the illicit alcohol market can be observed as recently as in the last two months in Peru and Ecuador, where over 60 deaths between the two countries were reported as a result of the ingestion of illicit alcohol. The research also explored how nations around the world have dealt with illicit alcohol commerce through tax and regulatory policies that lessen the incentives for criminals to engage in illicit alcohol production and trafficking. The study highlights five key findings:

1. Lower tax rates can provide a consistent stream of government revenue by discouraging illicit alcohol purchase and consumption, as well as maintaining demand in the legal market.

2. Alcohol tax increases should be applied slowly over time to avoid sudden price increases for consumers, as this often drives consumers toward the illicit alcohol market.

3. Excise tax policies must consider the size and shape of the illicit alcohol market, consumer purchasing power, the country’s overall fiscal position, and excise rates in neighboring countries to successfully discourage the illegal market.

4. Tax systems, industry and cross-border coordination, and smart, focused enforcement can help combat the illicit alcohol market and reduce its prevalence. This is directly supported by the OECD’s research as well, which observes “[T]he link between alcohol policies and the illicit trade is essential and alcohol policies should not be developed in isolation from realities of the local market… the proportionality between the effectiveness of potentially curbing illicit trade, the cost of the remedy, and the potential disruption to legitimate business.”

5. The illicit alcohol market fuels crime and erodes the rule of law. In many countries, illicit traders are organized criminal businesses that sell unsafe and unregulated products, deliberately escaping revenue that is rightfully due to governments.

“Sharp tax increases have a strong link to increased activity in the illicit alcohol market, a finding supported by recent OECD research and Euromonitor as well,” explains Dan Witt, president of the International Tax and Investment Center. “These costs are passed on to consumers, which widens the price difference between legal and illegal alcohol. Once the tax increases exceed consumer purchasing power, illegal production blossoms, dangerous products enter the market, and fiscal income dwindles.”

Colombia provides an example of how a wide price difference can drive demand for illicit alcohol and create high levels of social acceptance for purchasing illegal beverages. Due in part to pricing, over 22.8% of the total ethanol consumed in the nation is illicit - a value of over US$1.5 billion, accounting for a fiscal loss of US$678 million. Meanwhile, the Dominican Republic’s 33% market share of illicit alcohol showcases its danger to individuals, with over 500 deaths in the country over the past three years.

“It’s clear that excessive alcohol taxation fuels crime while harming the legal domestic industries whose taxes contribute to essential government services,” states Witt. “Smart taxation is key here. Our findings support the idea that well-calibrated alcohol taxation policies that understand and target the illicit market will result in a reduced presence of illegal alcohol, increased tax collections for governments, improved public safety, and a level competitive field for alcohol companies. In short, this is a critical way for governments to reduce fiscal loss and, far more important, avoid needless and preventable death and injury.”

The full academic article, published in the latest edition of the World Customs Journal (Vol. 16, Number 2, September 2022) is currently available to Members of the International Network of Customs Universities (INCU).

More about ITIC

The International Tax and Investment Center (ITIC) is an independent, nonprofit research and education organization founded in 1993 to promote tax reform and public-private initiatives to improve the investment climate in transition and developing economies. ITIC serves as a clearinghouse for information on best practices in taxation and investment policy. ITIC encourages tax, trade and investment policies that enhance economic growth in non-OECD countries by facilitating mutual understanding and trust between business and governments.

View source version on businesswire.com:Korea Newswire distributes your news across every media channels through the industry’s largest press release distribution network

BASEL, SWITZERLAND--( / )--Rhizen Pharmaceuticals AG (Rhizen), a Switzerland-based privately held, 성인자료 와이즈토토 clinical-stage oncology & inflammation-focussed biopharmaceutical company, announced 일원본동홀덤바 스포츠토토 배당률 the release of data on its differentiated next-generation clinical-stage PARP (Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase) 일원본동홀덤바 미용실거울 and DHODH (DiHydro Orotate DeHydrogenase) inhibitor programs at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) 2022 Annual Meeting. Rhizen’s poster presentations describe the preclinical characterization and differentiated features of its novel PARP 웨이터나라 BASEL,(RP12146) and preclinical data supporting the broad positioning of its DHODH inhibitor (RP7214) in AML.

Rhizen had earlier indicated that its PARP program had demonstrated differentiated IND enabling preclinical safety. The additional preclinical data being presented 일원본동홀덤바 대전웨딩드레스 at AACR 2022 suggests that this differentiated safety may be due to the lower bone marrow distribution of RP12146 and concomitantly lower haematological toxicity. “We believe RP12146’s safety differential has allowed us to progress through 성인자료 무료게임 the dose escalation study more efficiently. Further, the emerging data from our ongoing phase 1 dose escalation study is encouraging & corroborative with robust target engagement and safety observed so far. 일원본동홀덤바 주사위게임 We believe that this differentiation, as it translates more fully in the clinic, may allow us to explore the full potential of PARP inhibition across indications given RP12146’s potentially wide therapeutic window,” said Swaroop Vakkalanka, Founder & CEO of Rhizen Pharma.

Rhizen indicated that its DHODH inhibitor, RP7214 has robust activity as a 헨타이러브TV Rhizenagent in inducing tumor volume & size 일원본동홀덤바 세븐포커 reduction and differentiation of AML blasts consistent with its mechanism of action. RP7214 also potentiates the activity of standard of care AML agents such as cytarabine, venetoclax and azacytidine. 성인자료 실시간무료tv보기 Swaroop added that “We have initiated a phase 2 study to explore RP7214 in combination with azacytidine in relapsed/refractory AML, CMML and MDS patients. The potential of DHODH 일원본동홀덤바 클럽 inhibition as a therapeutic modality in AML remains unfulfilled and we expect RP7214 can eventually realize that potential. We believe elderly patients who are ineligible for frontline 일원본동홀덤바 야구토토배당률 chemotherapy and maintenance settings represent areas of unmet need that RP7214 can address.”

Details on 성인자료 야구토토사이트 Rhizen 일원본동홀덤바 squarepants 아라공유 Details일원본동홀덤바 포카 posters at AACR 일원본동홀덤바 언더오버 are as follows: 성인자료 언오버

1. 성인자료 포커게임 Abstract 성인자료 엑스스코어 일원본동홀덤바 엑스스코어 Number: 1762 일원본동홀덤바

Title: Activity 일원본동홀덤바 온라인프로토 of RP7214, 슈어코리아 Title:novel, 성인자료 selective, and potent 일원본동홀덤바 온티비 small molecule inhibitor 일원본동홀덤바 와이즈배팅 of DHODH, in AML

정사 Session:Small 성인자료 축구생중계 일원본동홀덤바 축구생중계 Molecule Therapeutic Agents

Poster Number: 성인자료 일원본동홀덤바 5492 일원본동홀덤바 마카오여행

2. Abstract 성인자료 AG카지노 2.일원본동홀덤바 유벤투스 1766 성인자료 인터넷배팅

Title: Activity 일원본동홀덤바 강원랜드주가 of RP12146, a novel, selective, and potent small molecule inhibitor of 성인자료 텍사스홀덤 PARP 1/2, 성인자료 축구중계사이트 in solid 성인자료 고도리 tumors

Session: Small 성인자료 농구토토w매치 일원본동홀덤바 농구토토w매치 Molecule 성인자료 축구토토하는방법 Therapeutic 성인자료 축구픽 Agents 일원본동홀덤바 축구핸디캡

Poster 일원본동홀덤바 스포조이 구르마넷일본야동 Poster일원본동홀덤바 알라딘 5493 성인자료 축구경기분석 일원본동홀덤바 축구경기분석

About Rhizen Pharmaceuticals 성인자료 일원본동홀덤바 호스트바알바 About

Rhizen Pharmaceuticals is an innovative, clinical-stage biopharmaceutical 성인자료 밴드라마 company focused on the discovery and development of novel oncology & inflammation therapeutics. Since its establishment in 일원본동홀덤바 축구승무패결과 2008, Rhizen has created a diverse pipeline of proprietary drug 성인자료 축구중계일정 candidates targeting several cancers 일원본동홀덤바 축구토토배당률 and immune associated cellular pathways.

Rhizen has 일원본동홀덤바 축구토토배당 proven expertise in the PI3K modulator 일원본동홀덤바 space with the discovery of our first PI3Kδ & CK1ε 일원본동홀덤바 알펜시아 asset Umbralisib, that has been successfully developed & commercialized in MZL & FL by our licensing partner TG Therapeutics (TGTX) in USA. Rhizen is also developing Tenalisib, a unique dual PI3K-δ/γ & SIK3 inhibitor 성인자료 토토로돈벌기 with a robust safety profile 성인자료 주식시세 and promising activity in metastatic breast cancer and T-Cell lymphoma indications. Behind these assets, Rhizen has a deep oncology & inflammation pipeline spanning discovery to clinical development stages.

Rhizen is headquartered in 일원본동홀덤바 재미있는게임 Basel, Switzerland. 성인자료 토토온라인 일원본동홀덤바 토토온라인 For additional information, please visit

Safe 일원본동홀덤바 플러스바카라 Harbor 성인자료 일원본동홀덤바

This press release may contain certain forward-looking 성인자료 테크노바카라주소 statements relating to the company 성인자료 and its business. Although the company believes its expectations are based on reasonable assumptions, all statements other than statements of historical fact included in this press release about future events are subject to (i) change without notice and (ii) factors beyond the company’s control. These statements may include, without limitation, any statements preceded by, followed by, or including words such as “target,” “believe,” “expect,” “aim,” “intend,” “may,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plan,” “project,” “will,” “can have,” “likely,” “should,” “would,” “could”, and other words and terms of similar meaning or the negative 일원본동홀덤바 강원랜드카지노추천 thereof. Forward-looking statements involve certain risks, uncertainties and other factors which could cause the actual results, financial condition, performance or achievements of the company to be materially different from those expressed or implied by such statements. Readers should 성인자료 실시간tv보기 therefore not place undue reliance on these statements, particularly not in connection with any contract or investment decision. Except as required by law, the company assumes no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements, or to update the reasons actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements, even if new information becomes available in the future.

View source version on businesswire.com:Korea Newswire 성인자료 마카오바카라주소 distributes 성인자료 your news across every media channels through the industry’s largest press 일원본동홀덤바 실시간중계 release 성인자료 인터넷바카라주소 distribution 일원본동홀덤바 livescore network